Does Arduino IDE run on Linux?

Every Arduino IDE 2 release includes Linux downloads next to the Windows and Mac ones. Release 2.3.10, for example, ships a file called arduino-ide_2.3.10_Linux_64bit.AppImage and a matching zip. An AppImage is a single file you mark as runnable and then open, with nothing to install and nothing to uninstall later.

There is a Flatpak on Flathub as well, listed under the name Arduino IDE v2. It is convenient because your app store handles updates, but Arduino says plainly that it does not officially support the Flatpak wrapper and that problems with it should go to Flathub rather than to Arduino. If you want the supported route, take the AppImage from Arduino.

Your sketches move without any conversion, since they are plain text files in ordinary folders, and the libraries you added get installed again from inside the IDE.

The one genuinely different thing on Linux is permission to talk to the board over USB. Out of the box your user account may not be allowed to use the serial port, and the board will not appear in the list until that is granted. It is a well known step, and it only has to be done once.